What are "zoning variances"?

Zoning variances refer to exceptions granted by local zoning boards that allow a property owner to deviate from the current zoning laws. This typically occurs when adhering strictly to the zoning regulations would cause undue hardship to the property owner. For instance, if a property owner wants to build a structure that does not conform to the height or setback requirements outlined in the municipal zoning code, they may apply for a variance. If granted, the variance allows the owner to utilize the property in a way that would not generally be permitted under the existing zoning regulations.

This process ensures that while zoning laws provide a framework for land use, there is flexibility to accommodate unique situations where strict application may not serve the best interests of property owners or the community at large. The other options reflect different aspects of zoning but do not accurately define the concept of variances. For example, legal restrictions refer to the set rules of zoning laws without the possibility of exceptions, and new zoning laws do not involve the concept of variance but rather a change in regulations affecting all properties. Mandatory changes would imply a requirement for property owners to comply with an altered regulation, which does not align with the discretionary nature of a variance.